Dear Friends,
If you are preparing for the JKSSB or SSC Exam 2025, then learning about Modern Indian History is very important. Many questions in the exam are asked from this topic, and most of them are very easy if you understand the basics. These questions will help you remember important facts in less time

Modern History MCQs

Q1. Churches and Convents of Goa were built by?
a) Portuguese
b) Dutch
c) British
d) Mughals

The right Answer is : a) Portuguese

Brief Explanation

The Portuguese were the first European power to establish a strong foothold in India. They ruled Goa from 1510 to 1961 and built many beautiful churches and convents, which are now UNESCO World Heritage Sites, showing their rich architectural and religious heritage.

Q2. Who among the following led the Battle of Buxar on behalf of British East India Company?
a) John William Foster Cue
b) Charles Stout
c) Robert Clive
d) Hector Munro

The right Answer is : d) Hector Munro

Brief Explanation

Hector Munro was a British Army officer who led the British East India Company forces in the Battle of Buxar in 1764. This battle was very important because it gave the British control over Bengal and strengthened their position in India.

Q3. The first Carnatic War was fought between the?
a) English and French
b) Portuguese and French
c) Dutch and French
d) French and Portuguese

The right Answer is : a) English and French

Brief Explanation

The First Carnatic War (1746-1748) was fought between the British and the French in South India. It was part of the global Anglo-French struggle for power, which also included battles in Europe and America during the War of Austrian Succession.

Q4. In which year the Battle of Saragarhi was fought?
a) 1854
b) 1897
c) 1867
d) 1888

The right Answer is : b) 1897

Brief Explanation

The Battle of Saragarhi was fought on September 12, 1897, between 21 Sikh soldiers of the British Indian Army and around 10,000 Afghan tribesmen. This battle is remembered for the extraordinary bravery and sacrifice of the Sikh soldiers, and it is celebrated as Saragarhi Day.

Q5. The French Commercial Companies set up their base in Indies at ________ in 1673.
a) Pondicherry
b) Goa
c) Surat
d) Calcutta

The right Answer is : a) Pondicherry

Brief Explanation

Pondicherry (now Puducherry) was the main French settlement in India, established in 1673. It became the center of French trade and administration in India and still reflects French culture and architecture even today.

Q6. Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
a) Kanpur – General Neil
b) Jhansi – Hugh Rose
c) Banaras – Colin Campbell
d) Lucknow – General Havelock

The right Answer is: b) Jhansi – Hugh Rose

Brief Explanation

During the Revolt of 1857, General Hugh Rose led the British forces against Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi. He played a key role in capturing Jhansi, making this match historically accurate.

Q7. The first national planning committee was constituted by the Congress in 1938 under the presidency of?
a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
b) Ambala Sanadhani
c) Jawahar Lal Nehru
d) Subhash Chandra Bose

The right Answer is: d) Subhash Chandra Bose

Brief Explanation

Subhash Chandra Bose was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress in 1938. Under his leadership, the National Planning Committee was set up to plan for India’s economic development.

Q8. The historic Lucknow Session of 1916 was presided over by?
a) Madan Mohan Malaviya
b) A.C. Mozumdar
c) Rasbehari Bose
d) B.G. Tilak

The right Answer is: b) A.C. Mozumdar

Brief Explanation

The Lucknow Session of the Indian National Congress in 1916 is known for the Congress-League pact. It was presided over by A.C. Mozumdar and marked a significant event in the national movement.

Q9. Who was the founder of the Secret Society Abhinav Bharat?
a) Damodar Chapekar
b) Jatin Mukherjee
c) Aurobindo Ghosh
d) Ganesh Savarkar

The right Answer is: d) Ganesh Savarkar

Brief Explanation

Abhinav Bharat, a revolutionary secret society, was founded by Ganesh Savarkar along with his brother Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in the early 20th century. It aimed to overthrow British rule through armed struggle.

Q10. Who led the peasant movement in Oudh during the Non-Cooperation Movement?
a) Madari Pasi
b) Sardar Patel
c) Baba Ramchandra
d) M.K. Gandhi

The right Answer is: a) Madari Pasi

Brief Explanation

Madari Pasi was a prominent leader who mobilized peasants in Oudh (Awadh) during the Non-Cooperation Movement. Along with Baba Ramchandra, he played a key role in protesting against landlords and British policies.

Q11. Who led the Salt Satyagraha movement with Gandhi?
a) Sarojini Naidu
b) Mridula Sarabhai
c) Annie Besant
d) Muthu Lakshmi

The right Answer is: a) Sarojini Naidu

Brief Explanation

Sarojini Naidu played a significant role in the Salt Satyagraha. She was one of the first women to join Mahatma Gandhi in this movement and later led the campaign after Gandhi’s arrest.

Q12. The Simon Commission was formed to review?
a) Legislature in India
b) Constitutional status for India
c) Fitness of Indians for further reforms
d) The functions of the Viceroy

The right Answer is: c) Fitness of Indians for further reforms

Brief Explanation

The Simon Commission was set up in 1927 to assess the fitness of Indians for self-government. It faced strong opposition because it had no Indian members, leading to widespread protests.

Q13. When was the first telegraph line started in India?
a) 1851
b) 1870
c) 1804
d) 1886

The right Answer is: a) 1851

Brief Explanation

The first telegraph line in India was established between Calcutta and Diamond Harbour in 1851. It marked the beginning of modern communication in the country.

Q14. Which British Governor-General introduced the postage stamp in India?
a) Lord Canning
b) Lord Dalhousie
c) Lord William Bentinck
d) Lord Auckland

The right Answer is: b) Lord Dalhousie

Brief Explanation

Lord Dalhousie introduced the first postage stamp in India in 1854. This move revolutionized communication by making it accessible and standardized across the country.

Q15. Who among the following controlled maximum trade in the western coastal region during the 17th century?
a) Portuguese
b) French
c) Dutch
d) The House of Jagat Seth

The right Answer is: a) Portuguese

Brief Explanation

During the 17th century, the Portuguese dominated trade along the western coastal areas of India. They had established colonies like Goa and used them as trading hubs for spices and other goods.

Q16. When Mahatma Gandhi was arrested, who among the following took over the leadership of the Salt Satyagraha?
a) Abbas Tyabji
b) Vinoba Bhave
c) Madame Arundale
d) Sardar Patel

The right Answer is: a) Abbas Tyabji

Brief Explanation

When Mahatma Gandhi was arrested during the Salt Satyagraha, Abbas Tyabji, a close associate of Gandhi, took over the leadership. He continued the march but was also arrested shortly afterward.

Q17. Permanent Revenue Settlement of Bengal was introduced by?
a) Cornwallis
b) Clive
c) Hastings
d) Wellesley

The right Answer is: a) Cornwallis

Brief Explanation

The Permanent Settlement was introduced in 1793 by Lord Cornwallis. It fixed the land revenue that zamindars had to pay to the British, creating a class of landlords.

Q18. “Go back to the Vedas” – the call was given by?
a) Swami Vivekananda
b) Dayanand Saraswati
c) Ramakrishna Paramhansa
d) Jyotiba Phule

The right Answer is: b) Dayanand Saraswati

Brief Explanation

Dayanand Saraswati, the founder of Arya Samaj, gave the call “Go back to the Vedas” to encourage Indians to return to the original spiritual ideas of the Vedas and reject social evils.

Q19. Mahatma Gandhi was first arrested during ‘Satyagraha’ in the year?
a) 1908
b) 1913
c) 1906
d) 1917

The right Answer is: a) 1908

Brief Explanation

Mahatma Gandhi was first arrested in 1908 in South Africa during the Satyagraha movement for protesting against unjust laws imposed on the Indian community.

Q20. Mahatma Gandhi got his inspiration for Civil Disobedience from?
a) Ruskin
b) Thoreau
c) Confucius
d) Tolstoy

The right Answer is: b) Thoreau

Brief Explanation

Gandhi was inspired by Henry David Thoreau’s essay “Civil Disobedience,” which promoted nonviolent resistance to unjust laws, influencing Gandhi’s own principles.

Q21. The PM of Britain at the time of India’s independence was?
a) Lord Mountbatten
b) Winston Churchill
c) Clement Attlee
d) Margaret Thatcher

The right Answer is: c) Clement Attlee

Brief Explanation

Clement Attlee was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom when India gained independence in 1947. His government took the decision to grant India independence.

Q22. Who of the following organised a National Planning Committee in 1938?
a) Dr. R. Prasad
b) J. L. Nehru
c) S. C. Bose
d) Sardar Patel

The right Answer is: c) S. C. Bose

Brief Explanation

Subhas Chandra Bose set up the National Planning Committee in 1938 under the aegis of the Indian National Congress to focus on economic planning for independent India.

Q23. Paramdham Ashram was established by who among the following?
a) Acharya Kriplani
b) Vinoba Bhave
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) None of the above

The right Answer is: b) Vinoba Bhave

Brief Explanation

Vinoba Bhave, a disciple of Mahatma Gandhi, established the Paramdham Ashram in Maharashtra. He is known for the Bhoodan (land gift) movement.

Q24. In which year AITUC (All India Trade Union Congress) was formed?
a) 01 Feb, 1917
b) 31 Dec, 1920
c) 14 Nov, 1922
d) 28 August, 1921

The right Answer is: b) 31 Dec, 1920

Brief Explanation

AITUC, the oldest trade union in India, was established on 31st December 1920 in Bombay. It played a significant role in labor movements and rights.

Q25. The Indian Independence League was set up by?
a) J. P. Narayan
b) Rash Behari Bose
c) S. M. Joshi
d) Aruna Asaf Ali

The right Answer is: b) Rash Behari Bose

Brief Explanation

Rash Behari Bose was instrumental in establishing the Indian Independence League in Japan to organize Indian nationalists abroad during World War II.

Q26. The Cripps Mission visited India during the regime of?
a) Lord Linlithgow
b) Lord Wavell
c) Lord Mountbatten
d) Lord Wellington

The right Answer is: a) Lord Linlithgow

Brief Explanation

The Cripps Mission visited India in 1942 during the time of Viceroy Lord Linlithgow, aiming to secure Indian support for the British war effort during World War II.

Q27. Militant nationalism found expression for the first time on a large scale in the movement against?
a) NCM (Non-Cooperation Movement)
b) Partition of Bengal
c) Rowlatt Act
d) Official Secrets Act

The right Answer is: b) Partition of Bengal

Brief Explanation

The 1905 Partition of Bengal by the British led to widespread opposition and marked the beginning of large-scale militant nationalism in India.

Q28. In which of the following movements was ‘Vande Mataram’ adopted as a slogan for agitation?
a) Civil Disobedience Movement 1932
b) Non-Cooperation Movement 1921
c) Revolt of 1857
d) Partition of Bengal 1905

The right Answer is: d) Partition of Bengal 1905

Brief Explanation

During the anti-Partition of Bengal movement in 1905, ‘Vande Mataram’ became a powerful and emotional slogan for national unity and protest.

Q29. Moplah Rebellion of 1921 took place in?
a) NWFP (North-West Frontier Province)
b) Punjab
c) Kerala
d) Assam

The right Answer is: c) Kerala

Brief Explanation

The Moplah Rebellion occurred in Kerala in 1921. It was an armed uprising of Muslim peasants against British authority and Hindu landlords.

Q30. Who among the following brought the first printing machine in India?
a) Portuguese
b) French
c) British
d) Dutch

The right Answer is: a) Portuguese

Brief Explanation

The Portuguese were the first Europeans to bring the printing press to India in 1556 in Goa, making it the earliest introduction of printing technology in Asia.

Q31. Who among the following formed the group ‘Brothers of India’?
a) Annie Besant
b) George Feuerstein
c) H. S. Olcott
d) Alan Watts

The right Answer is: a) Annie Besant

Brief Explanation

Annie Besant was a prominent theosophist and Indian freedom fighter who played a key role in various movements, including forming intellectual and reformist groups like the ‘Brothers of India’.

Q32. Which farm was established by Gandhi in Natal, South Africa?
a) Phoenix Farm
b) Sabarmati Ashram
c) Tolstoy Farm
d) None of the above

The right Answer is: a) Phoenix Farm

Brief Explanation

Mahatma Gandhi established the Phoenix Farm in Natal, South Africa, in 1904 to support his newspaper and promote communal living based on Satyagraha principles.

Q33. Danish East India Company was formed in the year?
a) 1614
b) 1615
c) 1616
d) 1617

The right Answer is: c) 1616

Brief Explanation

The Danish East India Company was established in 1616 to trade with India and the East Indies. It later established settlements in places like Tranquebar in Tamil Nadu.

Q34. Who among the following viceroys was associated with the ‘Ilbert Bill Controversy’?
a) Lord Ripon
b) Lord Curzon
c) Lord Hardinge
d) Lord Clyton

The right Answer is: a) Lord Ripon

Brief Explanation

Lord Ripon introduced the Ilbert Bill in 1883, which proposed allowing Indian judges to try British subjects. The proposal led to a major controversy and backlash from the British community in India.

Q35. The only session of Indian National Congress in which the partition of Bengal was announced on July 6th, 1905, was?
a) Swaraj
b) Sanjivani
c) Kalantar
d) Amritbazar Patrika

The right Answer is: b) Sanjivani

Brief Explanation

Sanjivani was the first newspaper to announce the partition of Bengal on July 6th, 1905, playing a crucial role in mobilizing public opinion against it.

Q36. In which year was the Landholders’ Society established in India?
a) 1806
b) 1828
c) 1838
d) 1844

The right Answer is: b) 1828

Brief Explanation

The Landholders’ Society was formed in 1828 to protect the interests of zamindars and landlords under British rule. It was among the earliest political associations in India.

Q37. The first viceroy of the Portuguese in the East was?
a) Nuno da Cunha
b) Francisco de Almeida
c) Joa de Castro
d) Albuquerque

The right Answer is: b) Francisco de Almeida

Brief Explanation

Francisco de Almeida was appointed as the first Viceroy of Portuguese India in 1505. He introduced the “Blue Water Policy” to strengthen Portuguese naval power in the region.

Q38. Which religious reformer of Western India was known as ‘Lokhitwadi’?
a) Gopal Hari Deshmukh
b) R.G. Bhandarkar
c) R.C. Dutt
d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

The right Answer is: a) Gopal Hari Deshmukh

Brief Explanation

Gopal Hari Deshmukh, a prominent social reformer and writer, was known by the pen name ‘Lokhitwadi’ and worked extensively for social reform and rational thinking in Maharashtra.

Q39. The hero of the Kakori Dacoity Case was?
a) Ramprasad Bismil
b) Bhagat Singh
c) Ashfaqulla Khan
d) Batukeshwar Dutt

The right Answer is: a) Ramprasad Bismil

Brief Explanation

Ramprasad Bismil was the key figure behind the Kakori Train Robbery (1925), a revolutionary act carried out by members of the Hindustan Republican Association to fund the freedom struggle.

Q40. Who was the first Indian to be made a Fellow of the Royal Society of London?
a) A. C. Wadia
b) C. V. Raman
c) Srinivasa Ramanujan
d) P. C. Mahalanobis

The right Answer is: a) A. C. Wadia

Brief Explanation

A. C. Wadia was the first Indian to be elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London in recognition of his contribution to geology and the scientific community.

Q41. In which of the following years was 26 January celebrated as an Independence Day?
a) 1930
b) 1929
c) 1942
d) 1928

The right Answer is: a) 1930

Brief Explanation
The Indian National Congress declared 26 January 1930 as Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) Day, marking it as the day of India’s declaration of independence from British rule.

Q42. Delhi became the capital of India in the year?
a) 1916
b) 1910
c) 1911
d) 1931

The right Answer is: c) 1911

Brief Explanation
Delhi was officially declared the capital of British India during the Delhi Durbar in 1911, replacing Calcutta (Kolkata) as the administrative capital.

Q43. With reference to the Indian freedom struggle, who among the following was the lady representative of India at the Second Round Table Conference?
a) Aruna Asaf Ali
b) Sarojini Naidu
c) Sucheta Kriplani
d) Vijayalakshmi Pandit

The right Answer is: b) Sarojini Naidu

Brief Explanation
Sarojini Naidu was the only woman representative of India at the Second Round Table Conference held in London in 1931, playing a key role in advocating for India’s independence.

Q44. ‘Swaraj’ as a national demand was first made by?
a) B. G. Tilak
b) Dadabhai Naoroji
c) Chittaranjan Das
d) J. L. Nehru

The right Answer is: b) Dadabhai Naoroji

Brief Explanation
Dadabhai Naoroji was the first to demand ‘Swaraj’ or self-rule for India during his presidential address at the Indian National Congress session in 1906, laying the foundation for the independence movement.

Q45. Who was the editor of the paper The Hindu?
a) Baba Ramchandra
b) S. Satyamurti
c) T. Madhavan
d) Kasturi Ranga Iyengar

The right Answer is: d) Kasturi Ranga Iyengar

Brief Explanation
Kasturi Ranga Iyengar was a prominent editor of The Hindu, who transformed the newspaper into a nationalist and influential daily in British India.

Q46. Which among the following sections remained at a distance during the Swadeshi Movement of 1905?
a) Women
b) Students
c) Peasantry
d) Intelligentsia

The right Answer is: c) Peasantry

Brief Explanation
The Swadeshi Movement largely remained a movement of the middle class, students, and intelligentsia. The peasantry stayed relatively uninvolved due to lack of mobilization at the grassroots.

Q47. In which year was the foundation of the Women’s Indian Association laid?
a) 1917
b) 1921
c) 1933
d) 1945

The right Answer is: a) 1917

Brief Explanation
The Women’s Indian Association (WIA) was founded in 1917 by Annie Besant, Margaret Cousins, and others to promote women’s education, health, and rights in India.

Q48. Whose works among the following pairs are collectively entitled Gita Govinda?
a) Epurukami – Desamulla
b) Jnanayan – Gyaneshwar
c) Dnyanji – Raja ji
d) Jayadeva – Govind Stotra

The right Answer is: d) Jayadeva – Govind Stotra

Brief Explanation
Gita Govinda was written by the 12th-century poet Jayadeva. It is a lyrical poem describing the relationship between Krishna and Radha, often sung in devotion.

Q49. Who scripted Gandhiji’s favorite song “Vaishnav Jan To”?
a) Narsi Mehta
b) Premchand
c) Chunilal
d) Dharamdas

The right Answer is: a) Narsi Mehta

Brief Explanation
“Vaishnav Jan To” was written by Narsi Mehta, a 15th-century Gujarati poet-saint. This bhajan was one of Mahatma Gandhi’s favorites and reflected his principles of compassion and humility.

Q50. Who among the following annulled the Partition of Bengal?
a) Lord Hardinge
b) Lord Chelmsford
c) Lord Wavell
d) Lord Mountbatten

The right Answer is: a) Lord Hardinge

Brief Explanation
The Partition of Bengal (1905) was annulled in 1911 by Lord Hardinge during the Delhi Durbar, where the capital of India was also shifted from Calcutta to Delhi.

Q51. “The Indian National Congress represented the views of the microscopic minority in India” was said by?
a) Lord Curzon
b) Lord Dufferin
c) Lord Lansdowne
d) Lord Elgin II

The right Answer is: b) Lord Dufferin

Brief Explanation
Lord Dufferin dismissed the Congress in its early years, calling it a body of elites representing only a “microscopic minority” of India’s population.

Q52. General Michael O’Dwyer, who was responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, was shot dead by?
a) Udham Singh
b) Harsh Mohini
c) Bhagat Singh
d) Sohan Singh Bhakna

The right Answer is: a) Udham Singh

Brief Explanation
Udham Singh avenged the Jallianwala Bagh massacre by assassinating Michael O’Dwyer in London in 1940.

Q53. Annie Besant enjoyed the Presidentship of the INC at its session held in?
a) 1916
b) 1917
c) 1920
d) 1918

The right Answer is: b) 1917

Brief Explanation
Annie Besant was elected President of the Indian National Congress in 1917, becoming the first woman to hold that position.

Q54. Who headed the Cabinet Mission in 1946?
a) A.V. Alexander
b) Sir Stafford Cripps
c) Lord Pethick Lawrence
d) Lord Wavell

The right Answer is: c) Lord Pethick Lawrence

Brief Explanation:
The Cabinet Mission of 1946 was led by Lord Pethick Lawrence (Secretary of State for India), along with Stafford Cripps and A.V. Alexander. The mission aimed to discuss the transfer of power from British to Indian leadership.

Q55. Who was the first Indian to raise the national flag?
a) Madam Cama
b) Mahatma Gandhi
c) Sardar Patel
d) Annie Besant

The right Answer is: a) Madam Cama

Brief Explanation:
Madam Bhikaji Cama was the first Indian to hoist the Indian flag on foreign soil in Stuttgart, Germany in 1907.

Q56. According to the Government of India Act 1935, India had been divided into how many provinces?
a) 9
b) 11
c) 14
d) 17

The right Answer is: 14

Brief Explanation:
The Government of India Act 1935 reorganized British India into 11 provinces initially, but later it was extended to 14.

Q57. The last opportunity to avoid the partition of India was lost with the rejection of?
a) Cabinet Mission
b) Wavell Plan
c) Cripps Mission
d) Rajagopalachari Formula

The right Answer is: a) Cabinet Mission

Brief Explanation:
The Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946 proposed a united India but was rejected by the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League for different reasons, ultimately leading to the partition of India in 1947.

Q58. At which session of Congress was the Working Committee authorized to launch a programme of Civil Disobedience?
a) Faizpur
b) Lucknow
c) Lahore
d) Bombay

The right Answer is: c) Lahore

Brief Explanation:
In the Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress in December 1929, under the presidency of Jawaharlal Nehru, the Congress passed the resolution for complete independence (Purna Swaraj), and the Working Committee was authorized to start the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Q59. In the Nagpur session of the Congress in the year 1920, who among the following moved the main resolution on Non-Cooperation Movement (NCM)?
a) C.R. Das
b) Motilal Nehru
c) M.M. Malaviya
d) C. Rajagopalachari

The right Answer is: a) C.R. Das

Brief Explanation:
Chittaranjan Das (C.R. Das) played a key role in moving the main resolution on Non-Cooperation during the Nagpur Session of 1920.

Q60. The Cabinet Mission Plan for India envisaged a?
a) Federation
b) Confederation
c) Unity from 3 govt.
d) Division of states

The right Answer is: a) Federation

Brief Explanation:
The Cabinet Mission Plan proposed a federal structure in India with a weak central government and autonomous provinces and princely states.

Q61. Tilak regarded that Swaraj was not only a right but a?
a) Justice
b) Dharma
c) Power
d) Status

The right Answer is: b) Dharma

Brief Explanation:
Bal Gangadhar Tilak famously declared, “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it,” and regarded Swaraj (self-rule) as not just a right but a Dharma (duty or moral responsibility).

Q62. Whom did Sarojini Naidu consider the ‘Ambassador of Hindu–Muslim unity’?
a) M.A. Jinnah
b) Tilak
c) Vivekananda
d) Iqbal

The right Answer is: a) M.A. Jinnah

Brief Explanation:
Before the partition of India, M.A. Jinnah was seen as a unifying leader between Hindus and Muslims. Sarojini Naidu even referred to him as the “Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity” due to his early efforts to bring both communities together.

Q63. Who among the following gave the ‘Safety Valve Theory’ for the Indian National Congress?
a) B.G. Tilak
b) Lala Lajpat Rai
c) Bipin Chandra Pal
d) M.N. Roy

The right Answer is: b) Lala Lajpat Rai

Brief Explanation:
Lala Lajpat Rai is credited with the theory that the British supported the formation of the Indian National Congress as a “safety valve” to release growing public anger and frustration against British rule in a controlled manner.

Q64. Which among the following was the first revolutionary organization of Bengal?
a) Hindustan Socialist Republic Association
b) India House
c) Anushilan Samiti
d) Jugantar Party

The right Answer is: c) Anushilan Samiti

Brief Explanation:
Anushilan Samiti, founded in 1902 in Bengal, was one of the earliest revolutionary organizations in British India, promoting nationalist activities through armed resistance.

Q65. At which among the following places was the national flag hoisted for the first time in India?
a) Nagpur
b) Kolkata
c) Delhi
d) Lucknow

The right Answer is: b) Kolkata

Brief Explanation:
The Indian national flag was first hoisted on August 7, 1906 at Parsee Bagan Square, Kolkata, during a protest against the partition of Bengal.

Q66. Mangal Pandey incident took place at?
a) Meerut
b) Barrackpore
c) Lucknow
d) Delhi

The right Answer is: b) Barrackpore

Explanation:
Mangal Pandey fired the first shot of the 1857 revolt at British officers in Barrackpore, near Kolkata, on March 29, 1857.

Q67. Who among the following was bestowed with the title ‘Sahib-e-Alam Bahadur’ by Bahadur Shah Zafar during the uprising of 1857?
a) Azimullah
b) Bijlis Khan
c) Bakht Khan
d) Hasan Khan

The right Answer is: c) Bakht Khan

Explanation:
Bakht Khan, a former officer in the British army, led the rebels in Delhi and was given this title by Bahadur Shah Zafar for his leadership.

Q68. Symbol of 1857 independence struggle was?
a) Lotus and chapatis
b) Eagle
c) Scarf
d) Juno sword

The right Answer is: a) Lotus and chapatis

Explanation:
Lotus and chapatis were mysterious symbols used to send coded messages and mobilize people for the 1857 revolt across villages.

Q69. The largest number of soldiers participated in the struggle of 1857 came from?
a) Bengal
b) Awadh
c) Bihar
d) Rajasthan

The right Answer is: b) Awadh

Explanation:
A large number of sepoys in the British army were recruited from Awadh, making it a major center of the 1857 rebellion.

Q70. Who amongst the following was the leader of 1857 uprising at Allahabad?
a) Nana Saheb
b) Azimullah Khan
c) Maulvi Liyaqat Ali
d) Tatya Tope

The right Answer is: c) Maulvi Liyaqat Ali

Explanation:
Maulvi Liyaqat Ali led the revolt at Allahabad and was a key religious and political figure in the region during the 1857 rebellion.

Q71. Azimullah Khan was an advisor to?
a) Tatya Tope
b) Nana Saheb
c) Lakshmi Bai
d) Kunwar Singh

The right Answer is: b) Nana Saheb

Explanation:
Azimullah Khan served as a trusted advisor and emissary for Nana Saheb, especially during his visits to Europe before the uprising.

Q72. Who among the following was the first to sign the Instrument of Accession?
a) Raja of Jodhpur
b) Nizam of Hyderabad
c) Maharaja of Patiala
d) Dewan of Travancore

The right Answer is: d) Dewan of Travancore

Explanation:
Travancore was the first princely state to announce its decision to accede to the Indian Union after independence, through its Dewan.

Q73. Arya Samaj is against?
a) Islam
b) Hinduism
c) Existence of God
d) Rituals and idol-worship

The right Answer is: d) Rituals and idol-worship

Explanation:
Arya Samaj, founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati, opposed idol worship, caste discrimination, and ritualism in Hinduism.

Q74. The Portuguese Governor who abolished Sati in Goa?
a) Albuquerque
b) Cabral
c) Almedia
d) De Braganza

The right Answer is: a) Albuquerque

Explanation:
Afonso de Albuquerque, a Portuguese general and governor of Goa, took measures against Sati in Portuguese-held territories.

Q75. During Quit India Movement, parallel government was constituted at?
a) Varanasi
b) Lucknow
c) Allahabad
d) Ballia

The right Answer is: d) Ballia

Explanation:
A short-lived parallel government was formed by Chittu Pandey in Ballia (U.P.) during the Quit India Movement in 1942.

Q76. Who founded the revolutionary sheet ‘Kesari’?
a) B.C. Pal
b) Bhagat Singh
c) Subramania Iyer
d) V.D. Savarkar

The right Answer is: d) V.D. Savarkar

Explanation:
Although Bal Gangadhar Tilak founded Kesari, V.D. Savarkar was also closely associated with revolutionary journalism. (Note: The better-known founder is Tilak.)

Q77. Who among the following introduced Ryotwari system in Madras?
a) Lord Derry
b) James Munro
c) Lord Wellesley
d) Lord Canning

The right Answer is: b) James Munro

Explanation:
Sir Thomas Munro and Captain Read introduced the Ryotwari system in the Madras Presidency, replacing the Zamindari system.

Q78. Sido, Sidhu, and Kanhu were associated with?
a) Ho Rebellion
b) Santhal Rebellion
c) Sanyasi Rebellion
d) None of the above

The right Answer is: b) Santhal Rebellion

Explanation:
Sido, Sidhu, and Kanhu Murmu were leaders of the Santhal Rebellion (1855–56) against British colonial rule and zamindars in eastern India.

Q79. Who defeated the joint Army of British and soldiers during the revolt of 1857?
a) Tatya Tope
b) Rane Singh
c) Nawab Wazir of Tonk
d) Thakur Kushal Singh of Aauwa

The right Answer is: d) Thakur Kushal Singh of Aauwa

Brief Explanation:
Thakur Kushal Singh of Aauwa played a key role in defeating the combined forces of the British during the 1857 revolt in the region of Aauwa (Rajasthan).

Q80. Which amongst the following place was not a centre of the revolt of 1857?
a) Ajmer
b) Jaipur
c) Neemuch
d) Aauwa

The right Answer is: b) Jaipur

Brief Explanation:
Jaipur remained largely loyal to the British during the 1857 revolt and was not a major centre of rebellion, unlike the other listed places.

Q81. At the time of 1857 revolt, who was the British Commanding Officer at Barrackpore?
a) Colonel Finnis
b) Henry Lawrence
c) General Hearsey
d) Hugh Wheeler

The right Answer is: c) General Hearsey

Brief Explanation:
General Hearsey was the British officer stationed at Barrackpore during the 1857 revolt, a major site of early unrest in the rebellion.

Q82. At which session of INC was the national song ‘Vande Mataram’ sung for the first time?
a) 1895 Poona
b) 1896 Calcutta
c) 1897 Amravati
d) 1898 Madras

The right Answer is: b) 1896 Calcutta

Brief Explanation:
The song ‘Vande Mataram’ was first sung at the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta by Rabindranath Tagore, and it became a symbol of patriotism.

Q83. Who was the Viceroy of British India at the time of the first session of the Congress?
a) Lord Dufferin
b) Lord Mayo
c) Lord Lytton
d) Lord Curzon

The right Answer is: a) Lord Dufferin

Brief Explanation:
Lord Dufferin was the Viceroy of India when the first session of the Indian National Congress was held in Bombay in 1885.

Q84. Who was the first Englishman to become the President of INC?
a) George Yule
b) William Wedderburn
c) Alfred Webb
d) Henry Cotton

The right Answer is: a) George Yule

Brief Explanation:
George Yule was the first Englishman to preside over a session of the Indian National Congress. He became the President in 1888 during the Allahabad session.

Q85. Who was the President of the session where ‘Vande Mataram’ was first sung at the 12th session of Congress?
a) Badaruddin Tyabji
b) Rahimtulla M. Sayani
c) Rabindranath Tagore
d) Dadabhai Naoroji

The right Answer is: b) Rahimtulla M. Sayani

Brief Explanation:
At the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta, Rahimtulla M. Sayani was the President. This was the session where ‘Vande Mataram’ was sung for the first time.

Q86. The first President of the Muslim League was?
a) Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk
b) Miyan Abdul Mian
c) Hidayat Hussain Khan
d) M. A. Jinnah

The right Answer is: a) Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk

Brief Explanation:
Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk was among the founders and became the first President of the All-India Muslim League when it was established in 1906.

Q87. Who drafted the resolution on Fundamental Rights for the Karachi Session of Congress in 1931?
a) J. L. Nehru
b) B. R. Ambedkar
c) Sardar Patel
d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad

The right Answer is: a) J. L. Nehru

Brief Explanation:
Jawaharlal Nehru drafted the resolution on Fundamental Rights, which was adopted at the Karachi Session of the Indian National Congress in 1931. It laid the groundwork for civil liberties in independent India.

Q88. Who among the following organized a march on the Tanjore coast to break the Salt Laws in April 1930?
a) C. R. Dutt
b) C. Rajagopalachari
c) Annie Besant
d) K. Kamaraj

The right Answer is: b) C. Rajagopalachari

Brief Explanation:
C. Rajagopalachari led the Vedaranyam Salt Satyagraha in April 1930, a parallel movement to Gandhi’s Dandi March, to protest the British salt laws.

Q89. Who was the British Prime Minister when the Quit India Movement started?
a) Clement Attlee
b) Churchill
c) Lord Mountbatten
d) None of the above

The right Answer is: b) Churchill

Brief Explanation:
Winston Churchill was the British Prime Minister in 1942 when the Quit India Movement was launched by the Indian National Congress.

Q90. Who was the Viceroy of India at the time of Quit India Movement?
a) Lord Mountbatten
b) Lord Wavell
c) Lord Lytton
d) Lord Linlithgow

The right Answer is: d) Lord Linlithgow

Brief Explanation:
Lord Linlithgow was the Viceroy of India when the Quit India Movement was launched in 1942, in response to the Cripps Mission’s failure.

Q91. Who among the following headed the Quit India Movement in Satara?
a) D. T. Bhalwankar
b) Nana Patil
c) Satish Samanta
d) None of the above

The right Answer is: b) Nana Patil

Brief Explanation:
Nana Patil led the underground parallel government in Satara district of Maharashtra during the Quit India Movement, known as the “Prati Sarkar”.

Q92. Who among the following opened cooperative stores and headed Swadeshi Vastu Pracharini Sabha during Swadeshi movement?
a) Lala Lajpat Rai
b) Lokmanya Tilak
c) Aurobindo Ghosh
d) Madame Cama

The right Answer is: b) Lokmanya Tilak

Brief Explanation:
Lokmanya Tilak was a key leader in the Swadeshi Movement. He initiated the establishment of cooperative stores and promoted indigenous goods through the Swadeshi Vastu Pracharini Sabha.

Q93. Who set up the Swadesh Bandhab Samiti to propagate the Swadeshi movement?
a) G. K. Gokhale
b) R. N. Tagore
c) Ashwini Kumar Dutt
d) Surendranath Banerjee

The right Answer is: c) Ashwini Kumar Dutt

Brief Explanation:
Ashwini Kumar Dutt founded the Swadesh Bandhab Samiti in Bengal to promote Swadeshi ideals and boycott foreign goods during the Swadeshi Movement.

Q94. The Non-Cooperation Movement was adopted during which of the following sessions of Congress?
a) Ahmedabad
b) Nagpur
c) Amritsar
d) Surat

The right Answer is: b) Nagpur

Brief Explanation:
The Non-Cooperation Movement was officially adopted in the Nagpur session of the Indian National Congress in December 1920, under Gandhi’s leadership.

Q95. Who was the president of the Indian National Congress when the Non-Cooperation Movement was launched?
a) S. N. Banerjee
b) M. M. Malviya
c) C. Vijayaraghavachariar
d) Gandhi

The right Answer is: c) C. Vijayaraghavachariar

Brief Explanation:
C. Vijayaraghavachariar was the president of the INC during the Nagpur session in 1920 when the Non-Cooperation Movement was launched.

Q96. When did Gandhiji give the slogan “Swaraj in a year”?
a) During Dandi March
b) During NCM
c) During CDM
d) During Round Table Conference

The right Answer is: b) During NCM

Brief Explanation:
Mahatma Gandhi gave the slogan “Swaraj in a year” in 1920 during the launch of the Non-Cooperation Movement, setting a deadline for achieving self-rule.

Q97. Who set up Swadesh Bandhab Samiti to propagate the Swadeshi movement?
a) G. K. Gokhale
b) R. N. Tagore
c) Ashwini Kumar Dutt
d) Surendranath Banerjee

The right Answer is: c) Ashwini Kumar Dutt

Brief Explanation:
Ashwini Kumar Dutt founded the Swadesh Bandhab Samiti in Barisal (now in Bangladesh) to organize mass support for the Swadeshi movement during the partition of Bengal.

Q98. Non-Cooperation Movement was adopted during which of the following sessions of Congress?
a) Ahmedabad
b) Nagpur
c) Amritsar
d) Surat

The right Answer is: b) Nagpur

Brief Explanation:
The Nagpur session of the Indian National Congress in December 1920 formally approved the launch of the Non-Cooperation Movement under Gandhi’s leadership.

Q99. Who was the president of INC when NCM was launched?
a) S. N. Banerjee
b) M. M. Malviya
c) C. Vijayaraghavachariar
d) Gandhi

The right Answer is: c) C. Vijayaraghavachariar

Brief Explanation:
C. Vijayaraghavachariar was the president of the Indian National Congress during the Nagpur session in 1920, when the Non-Cooperation Movement was initiated.

Q100. When did Gandhiji give the slogan “Swaraj in a year”?
a) During Dandi March
b) During NCM
c) During CDM
d) During Round Table Conference

The right Answer is: b) During NCM

Brief Explanation:
Gandhiji called for “Swaraj in a year” while launching the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920, marking a turning point in India’s struggle for independence.

Q101. What was the main objective of the Home Rule League movement?
a) Complete independence
b) Self-government under British rule
c) Abolition of British Raj
d) Dominion status for India

The right Answer is: b) Self-government under British rule

Explanation:
The Home Rule League movement, started by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak, aimed to achieve self-government within the British Empire, not complete independence at that stage.

Q102. The Home Rule Leagues of Tilak and Besant were merged into one in?
a) 1920
b) 1917
c) 1919
d) 1916

The right Answer is: d) 1916

Explanation:
In 1916, both Tilak and Annie Besant launched their respective Home Rule Leagues, and their efforts later aligned under a common platform for Home Rule.

Q103. Who was the Viceroy during the First Round Table Conference?
a) Lord Irwin
b) Lord Linlithgow
c) Lord Curzon
d) Lord Willingdon

The right Answer is: d) Lord Willingdon

Explanation:
Lord Willingdon served as the Viceroy of India during the time of the First Round Table Conference, which was held in London in 1930.

Q104. Which one of the following is not true about the First Round Table Conference (RTC)?
a) It was held in 1930
b) It was attended by Congress delegation
c) It was held in London
d) It was to discuss the report of Simon Commission

The right Answer is: b) It was attended by Congress delegation

Explanation:
The Indian National Congress boycotted the First Round Table Conference. Therefore, no official Congress representative attended it.

Q105. During which period did the Second RTC take place?
a) Sep 1931 to Dec 1931
b) Jan 1932 to Feb 1932
c) Post Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931
d) March 1932 to April 1932

The right Answer is: a) Sep 1931 to Dec 1931

Explanation:
The Second Round Table Conference was held in London from 7 September to 1 December 1931. This was attended by Mahatma Gandhi representing the Indian National Congress after the Gandhi-Irwin Pact.

Q106. Shimla Conference was convened on?
a) 24 June 1945
b) 26 June 1945
c) 25 June 1945
d) 27 June 1945

The right Answer is: d) 27 June 1945

Explanation:
The Shimla Conference was convened on 27 June 1945 by Lord Wavell to discuss the Wavell Plan for Indian self-government.

Q107. The Ghadar Movement was founded by?
a) Ajit Singh
b) Sohan Singh Bhakna
c) Lala Hansraj
d) Lala Hardayal

The right Answer is: b) Sohan Singh Bhakna

Explanation:
Sohan Singh Bhakna was a founding member and the first president of the Ghadar Party, which aimed to secure India’s independence through armed revolution.

Q108. Who amongst the following was the first Chairman of the Ghadar Party?
a) Lala Hardayal
b) Sohan Singh Bhakna
c) Kashi Singh
d) Kashi Ram

The right Answer is: b) Sohan Singh Bhakna

Explanation:
Sohan Singh Bhakna served as the first president (often called chairman) of the Ghadar Party, formed in the U.S. and Canada among Indian expatriates.

Q109. Lord Curzon created the province of NWFP in?
a) 1898
b) 1901
c) 1900
d) None of the above

The right Answer is: b) 1901

Explanation:
The North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) was established in 1901 by Lord Curzon as part of British India to manage the strategic and often rebellious frontier region.

Q110. Who among the following was the youngest person to become the President of the INC?
a) J.L. Nehru
b) Abul Kalam Azad
c) Anand Mohan Bose
d) S.N. Banerjee

The right Answer is: b) Abul Kalam Azad

Explanation:
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad became the President of the Indian National Congress in 1923 at the age of just 35, making him the youngest person to do so.

Conclusion

In conclusion, these carefully selected multiple-choice questions are not only rich in historical knowledge but are also tailored to meet the needs of aspirants preparing for various competitive examinations. Whether you’re appearing for JKSSB, SSC, or any other government recruitment exam, these MCQs will serve as a powerful tool to enhance your understanding and boost your performance.

My name is Parvaiz Rathor, and I hold an M.A, M.Phil, NET, and SLET in History. With my academic background and experience, I have compiled these questions to help you build a strong foundation in Indian history and succeed in your exam journey.

Stay dedicated, keep learning, and success will follow. All the best!